Intellectual property rights (IPR) can be stated as the rights given to a person over his creation and the creator is given an exclusive right over the use of his creations for a certain period of time.
The Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) was signed at Stockholm in 1967 and was established in 1970. The Organization became a specialized agency of the United Nations in 1974. WIPO has 193 Member States,
representing over 90 percent of the world‘s countries.
Types of IPR:
- Patents
- Trademarks
- Copyrights and related rights
- Geographical indications
- Industrial designs
- Trade
- Layout design for integrated circuits
- Protection of new plant variety.
The word Patent originates from the Latin ‘patere’, which means "to lay open" or ‘to make available for public inspection’. Though Patent rights are said to have been in existence in Ancient Greece, the first statutory patent system is regarded to be the Venetian Patent Statute of 1474. In Venice, a decree would be issued by which new and inventive devices had to be communicated to the Republic to obtain legal protection against infringers.
A Patent is a form of Intellectual Property, which gives its owner, legal right to disallow others from making, selling, using and importing an invention for a limited number of years, in exchange for publishing an enabling public disclosure of the invention. An invention, which is a product or a process that provides a new way of doing something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. The protection is granted for a period of 20 years. Some other types of intellectual property rights are also called patents in some jurisdictions: i) Industrial design rights are called design patents,ii) Plant breeders’ rights are called plant patents and iii) utility models are called innovation patents.
In India, the grant of patents is governed by the Patent Act 1970 and Rules 1972 and is operative in the whole of India.
Advantages: A patent gives the patentee, right to stop others from copying, manufacturing, selling or importing your invention without the patentee's permission. (Patent infringement occurs when a third party, without authorization from the patentee, makes, uses, or sells a patented invention.)
Patent owners may give permission to, or license, other parties to use their inventions on mutually agreed terms. Owners may also sell their invention rights to someone else, who then becomes the new owner of the patent. Once a patent expires, protection ends and the invention enters the public domain. This is also known as becoming off patent, meaning the owner no longer holds exclusive rights to the invention, and it becomes available for commercial exploitation by others. There are ways for third parties to challenge the validity of an allowed or issued patent at the national patent office or in court.
At the Institutional level, two faculty members have contributed to two joint patents of International classification. Achievements like these, will encourage & motivate the PG students and Research scholars to be innovative, to strive for excellence.
1. Dr.Sharad S.Mahajan
I/C Principal, (Associate Professor in Zoology)
Title of the Invention: AN ECO-FRIENDLY OR ECONOMICAL METHOD OF LARGE SCALE MANUFACTURING OF IRON AND IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLE BY USING EXTRACT OF LAC.
Date of publication: 17/02/2017
International Classification: C22B34/12,C22B3/22
2. Dr.Bholanath T.Mukherjee
(Head and Associate Professor in Chemistry)
Title of the invention: HYDROGEN STORAGE BY CARBON FIBER
Date of publication: 05/05/2017
International Classification: F17C13/00, F17C1/06